US Government Partners Urge Hardening Industrial Refrigeration and Cold Chain Monitoring Systems
Overview The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Health and Human Services (HHS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Department of Transportation (DoT)—hereafter referred to as “the authoring organizations”—are aware of malicious cyber activity targeting industrial refrigeration and cold chain monitoring systems globally. Organizations in the Healthcare and Public Health , Chemical , Food and Agriculture , and Transportation Systems Sectors widely use these systems, including in refrigerated transport services, for automated and remote monitoring of temperatures, continuous temperature logging, defrost cycle management, and energy optimization. The authoring organizations urge owners and operators to defend against this activity by using strong authentication, keeping systems updated, identifying any systems that are accessible from the internet, removing unnecessary remote access, and securing any necessary remote access. Threat The authoring organizations are aware of malicious cyber actors targeting electronic temperature controllers and commercial refrigeration controllers in retail grocery and cold storage facilities. The actors may exploit vulnerabilities or weaknesses in unpatched or internet-accessible controllers to remotely alter settings and force units into continuous heating and defrost cycles, which can cause widespread inventory loss and equipment hazards. Specifically, the actors may exploit these flaws through multiple vectors: Authentication bypass; Arbitrary code injection; and Weak configurations. Upon successful exploitation of the flaws, the actors could achieve the following effects: Change of temperature, which could: Affect the service life of the system; Create a fire hazard; Cause loss of inventory; or Indirectly harm consumers if products are consumed after unsafe storage. Loss of visibility into current temperatures (a denial-of-view condition). Mitigations The…